With designed cellular behaviors and functionalities, engineered circuits have been exploited to understand biological questions and to address various real-world problems [26].
Inspired by functionalities in engineered heterostructure interfaces, the present work uses the components from state-of-the-art SOFCs, i.e, the anode NiO-YSZ and the cathode LSCF-YSZ, or the convergence of all three components, i.e., NiO-YSZ-LSCF, to fabricate semiconductor-ionic membranes (SIMs) and devices.
Microtechnologies and bioreactors have resulted in the production of more complex cellular microenvironments, enhancing the functionality of engineered tissues.
One of the direct applications of this study is to provide experimental approaches to be able to validate the risk assessment analyses regarding the functionality of engineered cementitious barriers.
Our findings clearly suggest that appropriate linker design is required for enhancing the structural stability and functionality of engineered antibody fragments.
Finally, the use of specific fluorinated functionality to engineer "suicide substrates" is highlighted in a discussion of the development of the α-(2′Z-fluoro vinyl trigger for amino acid decarboxylase inactivation.
Covalent binding represents a logical approach for modifying the surface properties of a biomaterial, allowing the bulk composition to remain unchanged, whilst surface functionality is engineered to afford a more desirable characteristic.
The predominant optical quality of these heterostructures (e.g. deep double photonic band gaps and steep photonic band edges) may afford new flexibility and functionality for engineered photonic behavior in practical devices such as late-model light-operated switches.
In addition to mechanical stimuli commonly arising in tissue engineering context, electrical stimulation or even combined approaches incorporating electrical/mechanical cues need to be provided in vitro for obtaining an appropriate functionality of engineered tissue.
In order to test their functionality, the engineered S. cerevisiae strain EBY.VW.4000 [ 12], a glucose transporter null mutant unable to grow on glucose, mannose, galactose or fructose as carbon source, was chosen as host for functional complementation analysis.
