The dour, functionalist government offices, a legacy of Soviet times, overlook sprawling, noisy oriental bazaars.
For Mr Rykwert, who rejects the functionalist spirit of the Athens Charter of 1933, a manifesto for much post-war building, such facelessness destroys the human meaning of the city.
There is nothing more to software than suitably arranged hardware.Mr Kim has long been a lone voice against the dominant functionalist orthodoxy, but the tide now seems to be turning in his favour.
A functionalist could agree to this.
Of course the term 'functionalism' has been used vaguely and in different ways, and it could be argued that even the theories of Place, Smart and Armstrong were at bottom functionalist.
However Jackson, Pargetter and Prior (1982) and Braddon-Mitchell and Jackson (1996) argue that this is an over-reaction on the part of the functionalist.
Cartesian intuition also tends to certify the possibility of scenarios containing zombies, thinking rocks, entirely disembodied minds (not even embodied in ectoplasm), and so forth all impossibilities, according to the functionalist.
One stumbling block for functionalist theories is a worry about epistemic circularity.
Brian Loar (Loar 1981, 20 25) sees his functionalist account as a direct refutation of Anomalous Monism, purporting to account for the rational nature of mental states and events within a reductionist framework (see 4.2.3).
For one thing, it is unclear what exactly grounds the monism of functionalism in Anomalous Monism, the monism is derived in an a priori fashion from Davidson's three principles, but it often seems to be simply an assumption within the functionalist framework (Fodor 1974, but again, see Lewis 1966).
In a series of influential papers, David Lewis (1966, 1970 , 1972 1994) defended a particular approach to the semantics of theoretical terms, applied that approach to the everyday psychological vocabulary (eg "belief" and "desire"), and thereby obtain a functionalist theory of mental states.
