These pan-phylum analyses suggest that Nematode proteins and their transcriptomes have experienced drastic changes, and specific changes can be related to functional diversification, speciation and species adaptation [ 72- 76].
Proteins encoded by their genomes have experienced drastic changes since then, as evident in both expressed sequence tags (ESTs) [ 5- 7] and genomes [ 8, 9], and many are closely related to functional diversification, speciation, and species adaptation [ 10- 14].
Orthologs typically retain similar domain architecture and occupy the same functional niche following speciation, while (functionally redundant) paralogs are likely to diverge with new functions through point mutations and domain recombinations [3], [4].
The characteristics of solvent mixture such as functional groups and speciation govern the reactivity of substrate towards desirable reactions and stability of HMF and intermediates against side reactions.
This approach was also suggested to be useful for studying functional divergence after speciation events, domain shuffling, lateral gene transfer etc. [15].
But why this particular line of replicators develops functional polymorphism without speciation is still not clear to us.
The observation concerning "functional polymorphism without speciation" is interesting, but it is not clear why it is buried in an additional file.
The high numbers of species found within the Rift Valley's lakes and rivers, as well as the impressive degree of phenotypic variation present among closely related species, make these fishes ideal for studies on functional diversification and speciation.
