BACKGROUND: Vertebral malformations contribute substantially to the pathophysiology of kyphosis and scoliosis, common health problems associated with back and neck pain, disability, cosmetic disfigurement and functional distress.
Monitoring relevant physiological variables at the cellular level to detect tolerance or functional distress of the tissues as well as monitoring the response to treatment will facilitate selection of suitable therapies.
First, this cohort of young people has significant levels of symptoms, functional impairment, distress and suicidal ideation that warrant clinical intervention; and that this need for care and treatment is apparent whether or not the presenting symptoms reached current thresholds for diagnostic caseness [ 66- 68].
A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate overall strengths of relation between self-efficacy (SE) and functioning (pain severity, functional impairment, affective distress) in chronic pain samples, as well as potential moderating effects of sociodemographic characteristics and methodologic factors on these associations.
To document criterion validity, Jensen et al. [ 2] calculated correlation coefficients between the CPCI scales and measures of functioning (e.g., depression, pain-related distress, functional status).
Pediatric anxiety disorders have high prevalence rates and morbidity and are associated with considerable functional impairment and distress.
Most patients with schizophrenia suffer from various types of hallucinations, which commonly produce distress, functional disability or behavioral dyscontrol.
Depending on the type, location, and distribution of the lesions, treatment can prevent functional impairment, symptomatic distress, scarring, and disfigurement.
Effective treatments for nighttime PTSD symptoms are critical because sleep disruption may be mechanistically linked to development and maintenance of PTSD and is associated with significant distress, functional impairment, and poor health.
Psychological distress, functional impairment, depression symptoms, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and perceived problems will be measured during screening, pre-treatment baseline, and 7-10 dafterfthe the intervention.
Secondary outcomes are functional impairments, psychological distress and quality of life.
