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To realize bidirectional transduction between neural tissue and neural microelectrodes, the electrode material must satisfy the function of stimulating and recording.
In addition to its function of stimulating proliferation of human endothelial cells (Hu [1998]), Cu was shown to promote the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells towards the osteogenic lineage (Rodriguez et al. [2002]).
We further demonstrated that the secreted S. Typhimurium effector protein SipA was sufficient to induce decreased GPX4 protein expression (Fig. 6D) consistent with its previously identified function of stimulating processes that result in apical release of HXA3 (Mrsny et al., 2004; Pazos et al., 2008; Wall et al., 2007).
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If, for example, one has identified an instructive octopamine-releasing neuron, removing octopamine receptors from the relevant downstream neurons should abolish the gain-of-function effects of stimulating the octopaminergic neuron [56].
Prostaglandin E2 (PGE) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) accumulations in media were measured because LPS impacts endometrial cell endocrine and immune function to stimulate secretion of PGE [18], and the chemokine IL-8 attracts neutrophils and macrophages to the endometrium in vivo [24].
Host-encoded proteins function to stimulate the splicing of group I and II introns.
Choi (2007) called for rehabilitating ecosystem function to stimulate the assembly of ecosystems for a sustainable future.
Several protein factors, referred to as either decapping enhancers or activators, are known to function to stimulate the rate of decapping in vivo (Table 2).
The activated MAPKs are responsible for phosphorylating and activating numerous transcription factors, which function to stimulate the synthesis of various proinflammatory cytokines, iNOS and COX-2.
It was long assumed that the darts had some sort of "stimulating" function, and served to make copulation more likely.
The purpose of this study is to assess the effectiveness of transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS) as a means of stimulating salivary function in healthy adult subjects.
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