Exact(2)
In a variable speed, WECS the maximum power at different wind velocities is almost a cubic function of generator speed.
In order to financially compensate a synchronous generator for its Volt/Var support, the expected payment function of generator has been defined in such a way that all Var market participants can easily offer reactive bids to the independent system operator (ISO) [19].
Similar(58)
For situations where the cost function of generators is available, the ACE is used to model the electricity market.
Since Ex-ante and Ex-post models rely on the network topology and the cost functions of generators, our results in Sect. 3 are applicable to both models.
The policy relevance of our approach lies in the possibility to offer some empirical knowledge of the marginal cost function of each generator to the regulator to design appropriate policy measures geared to the promotion of competitive market conditions.
The function of the generator is based on the electrospray-neutralization process in which nanoclusters, obtained by electrohydrodynamic atomization, are neutralized by counter-ions generated by the electrospraying of ethanol at the opposite potential.
cost function of nth generator bus.
Besides, the cost function (hence the payoff function) of any generator is opaque to all its competitors, concerning this, our game can be regarded as an incomplete information game.
where F ij (Ρ ij ) is the cost function of jth generator in area i and is usually expressed as a quadratic polynomial; a ij, b ij and c ij are the cost coefficients of jth generator in area i; N is the number of areas, Μ i is the number of committed generators in area i; Ρ ij is the real power output of jth generator in area i.
We refer to the value Q X (k )(Y) as the restricted partition function of feasible generators, and it is equal to the weighted ensemble of all length- k generators Ψ X that are feasible for Y. Hence Q X (k )(Y) = ∑Ψ X ⊣ Y :|Ψ X |= k ω(Ψ X ) = ∑Ψ X ⊣ Y :|Ψ X |= k σ k, | Y|).
Equation (13) represents the fuel cost function of thermal generators.
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