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From the viewpoint of virulence in γ-proteobacteria, the cellular function of acC remains to be investigated.
This degree of functional heterogeneity means that caution is required in making any general statements about the overall function of ACC.
The catalytic function of ACC through a biotin prosthetic group can be allosterically regulated by multiple factors including posttranslational phosphorylation and dephosphorylation (Wakil and Abu-Elheiga 2009).
Despite the purported function of acC in preventing misreading of the AUA codon, at least in in vitro translation (Stern and Schulman, 1978), a healthy phenotype for the Δ tmcA strain was unexpectedly observed.
The association between reduced volume in anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC) and the history of cannabis abuse in schizophrenia has been discussed in the context of a disturbed function of ACC with the consequence of poor decision-making and more compulsive drive towards drug use as a predisposition to substance abuse and not as a toxic effect of cannabis itself.
25 Geetha et al 26 investigated the effects of exogenous fatty acid treatment on the function of ACC and FASN in mammary cells and found that, increasing concentrations of exogenous oleic acid and TVA caused inhibition of ACC and FASN activities.
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However, the biogenesis and functions of acC in the cell are not fully understood.
While a separate accAB cluster (Mxan_0081-0082) has been characterized in M. xanthus previously, the function of these two acc genes at the end of the pilus gene cluster (Mxan_5767-5768) are unclear [43].
Alternatively, reduced social interest following ACC lesions could be the consequence of a general decrement in arousal, consistent with previous reports of ACC function (Neafsey et al., 1993).
This suggests that ACC damage does, in fact, impair the initiation of responses, even if the pattern of this impairment is not what might be predicted from cognitive theories of ACC function.
Furthermore, in addition to the established influence of the COMT val met polymorphism upon LPFC function (Winterer and Goldman 2003), recent studies have also reported COMT val met genotype modulation of ACC and IPS function (Blasi et al. 2005; Bertolino, Blasi, et al. 2006; Williams-Gray et al. 2007).
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