This means that the ensembles' members come from a set of models the spread of which does not necessarily span the full possible range of uncertainty (Meehl et al., 2007; Parker, 2011) but simply collects what is available.
A correction for the scattering effect, as a function of solar zenith angle and the effective LAI measured under the sunlit condition, is found through an empirical fit to the measured data in a limited range as well as model-simulated data in the full possible range possible.
However, higher values of cH lead to more chaotic coevolutionary dynamics (Fig 3C), with the parasite cycling through the full possible range (0 to 5 virulence genes).
In this paper, we quantify the amount of error introduced by scoring the PAM across the full possible range of 1 to 12 simulated missing items.
The criteria for incorrect technique were: without full (possible) range of motion, with incorrect technique and inadequate speed (i.e. too slow/fast).
Compared with the three other samples described here, wherein participants' Ladder scores expressed the full possible range (i.e., 1 to 11), the avoidant adolescents and young adults had a narrower range of Ladder scores, which was also reflected in their higher mean scores.
In summary, this study has several strengths, including the use of surveys collected under controlled conditions which likely result in more accurate responses, a wide range of survey scores which likely improve generalizability [ 10], and a large number of randomly generated simulations which likely replicate the full possible range of survey response (and nonresponse) patterns [ 15].
In this paper, measurement error is systematically estimated across the full possible range of missing items (one to twelve), using simulation in which populated items were randomly replaced with missing data for each of 1,138 complete surveys obtained in a randomized controlled trial.
To determine the 8 RM, the child started with 3 repetitions (no load) to practise the correct performance: each repetition had to be performed through full (possible) range of motion, with adequate speed (speed of repetition: extension movement: 2 3 seconds/flexion movement: 2 3 seconds[ 6]).
As a standard 3D CT represents only a snapshot of tumour position, margins are applied to encompass the (possible) full range of motion of the tumour.
