Unicellular microalgae have the capability to harness sunlight and CO2 to produce energy-rich chemical compounds, such as lipids and carbohydrates, which can be converted into fuels [ 1, 3, 4].
Renewable energy is an environmentally friendly alternative to fossil fuels [1, 2, 3].
It can thus help us to reduce environmental pollution and the dependency on fossil fuels [1].
Seventy percent of these emissions originated from the combustion of fossil fuels [1].
Due to the limited sources of fossil oil, biodiesel has been extensively studied as one of alternative fuels [1].
Energy crisis and environment pollution problem received more and more attention due to inefficient use of vast fossil fuels [1].
All these points culminate to a technology which is desired when handling less than desirable fuels [1, 2, 3].
Hence, there are persistent efforts to replace present-day fuel resources with more economic, environment-friendly, and advanced alternative fuels [1].
Emission of greenhouse gases (e.g. the fossil fuel-derived CO2) has become a global concern, but about 88% of global energy consumption still derives from fossil fuels [1].
Increasing stringent environmental regulations and higher energy efficiency requirement have caused new challenges for refinery to deeply remove sulfur from the fuels [1, 2, 3].
The main catalytic reactions for hydrogen production from petroleum fuels [1, 2] are steam reforming, partial oxidation, and auto-thermal reforming.
