To date the biggest limitation associated with the MRL approach is the lack of detailed quantitative biochemical data to fuel the models [ 12].
Fuel type (labeled as "Fuel" in the model) was classified as wood, dung, kerosene and LPG.
For two-component fuels the model was validated against recent high-pressure shock tube autoignition delay time data for a mixture consisting of 35% n-heptane and 65% toluene by liquid volume.
As seen from the computational flow chart in Fig. 4, with given inlet flow rates, pressures, operating temperatures, membrane proton conductivities as function of temperatures, and current density of the fuel cell, the model can predict the fuel cell voltage.
Being sensitive to changes in the vehicle purchase tax and the fuel tax, the model discriminates well between various fiscal policy scenarios.
In addition to determining the fuel consumption, the model of the diesel engine is also prepared for the integration of maps representing the exhaust gas mass flow and the exhaust gas temperature respectively.
In particular for PEM fuel cells, the model has to be optimized under different operation conditions, thus making the solution space extremely complex.
We included environmental tobacco smoke and heating fuel in the models as categorical variables.
We have added Fuel Tech to the model portfolio this month and expect earnings to be released May 9. Hoku Scientific also has promise.
The fuel spray model simulates the injection process, the fuel-air mixture formation, the in-cylinder gas mixture evolution and accounts for the fuel-wall impingement that usually occurs in case of low-medium injection pressure or advanced injection timing.
