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Rates of water uptake through the fruit surface were positively related to surface area.
During late afternoon when sun damage normally occurs, netting was able to reduce the median fruit surface temperature by 1.5 2.0 °C, but there was a greater reduction in maximum fruit surface temperature of 4.0 °C.
Fruit surface area and fresh mass increased continuously throughout development, whereas deposition of the CM was biphasic.
The optimised model was able to predict fruit surface temperature with a root mean square error of 2 4 °C.
The objectives of this study were firstly to measure the effect of netting on fruit surface temperature, and secondly to test the thermodynamic Smart-Sinclair model.
Relative uptake was similar via the cut end of the pedicel (32.1%), the apex of the fruit (34.7%) and the fruit surface (33.2%).
Fast lightness correction is performed to convert the uneven lightness distribution on the apple surface into a uniform lightness distribution over the whole fruit surface.
Understanding the influence of fruit surface morphology on ultraviolet-C (UV-C 254 nm) inactivation of microorganisms is required for designing effective treatment systems.
This study shows that UV-C effectively reduces P. expansum populations on fresh fruit surfaces; however, the efficacy of treatment is dependent on fruit surface morphology.
Finally, the population dynamics of CPA-8 on treated fruit surface remained after treatment application, at harvest and at postharvest shelf-life (>104 CFU cm−2).
The number of yeast colony-forming units per square centimeter of apple fruit surface increased with increasing relative humidity, temperature, and initial applied yeast concentration.
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