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Earlier practitioners of 15th-century perspective delimited a rectangular field as a transparent window onto the world and constructed an imaginary space behind its front plane.
In a carved relief the highest, or front, plane is defined by the surface of the slab of wood or stone in which the relief is carved; and the back plane is the surface from which the forms project.
In the two scenes from the life of St. Christopher united in a single perspective on the right-hand wall, Mantegna extended his experiments in illusionism to the framing element by painting a highly realistic column on the front plane.
Leaves float on the front plane of the photograph as if they were on top of it, as if they were gray splotches of watercolor added after the print was made.
Cézanne also showed that a few strong hints of specificity — this one pine tree in the right front plane, this plastic foregrounded orange — are all that is needed for the evocation of shapes and spaces.
This extension of illusionistic principles to the elements surrounding a picture anticipates Mantegna's San Zeno altarpiece, where the carved half columns of the frame abut the painted piers (vertical members) on the front plane of the picture space, so that the frame architecture serves as the exterior of the temple-pavilion architecture depicted in the painting.
Similar(38)
This is accomplished using an optical configuration which allows measurement at a front focal plane (FFP), back focal plane (BFP) or any OFP locations.
Finally, the field is reverse transformed by the excitation objective to create the desired lattice light sheet at its front focal plane.
A portion of the ceiling towards the front the plane has been removed entirely, turning part of the plane's upper deck into an open outdoor rooftop area.
The failure starts at the front (loaded) plane: the rupture fracture (9) is extended under the back plane.
The front focal plane of the tube lens L1 (f1 = 160mm) is situated in the back focal plane F of the objective.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com