Sentence examples for front of replication from inspiring English sources
In addition, gyrase is primarily responsible for removing the torsional stress that accumulates in front of replication forks and transcription complexes.
As a consequence, eukaryotic Topo IB may relax the positive superturns that accumulate in front of replication forks or transcription bubbles during DNA replication, transcription, and chromatin assembly.
The thermodynamic energy accumulated as torsional stress in front of replication forks causes fork reversal characterized by parental strands reannealing and nascent strands extrusion and pairing (Postow et al., 2001a; Schvartzman and Stasiak, 2004).
The origin recognition complex helps recruit the hexameric helicase MCM in G1, along with Cdc45 and GINS (CMG for Cdc45-MCM-GINS) in S-phase to initiate replication and unwind DNA at the front of the replication fork.
During the whole process, a number of topoisomerases act to resolve topological problems arising from DNA supercoiling in front of the replication fork and chromosome entangling at the end of replication.
Besides, functioning in a rotational fashion, TrwB transports DNA during bacterial conjugation [ 43, 44]; replicative DNA helicase DnaB [ 45] unwinds dsDNA in the front of the replication fork to provide ssDNA templates for the DNA polymerase III holoenzyme [ 46, 47]; and RuvB translocates dsDNA in an ATP hydrolysis-dependent manner during recombination [ 48].
Our hypothesis fits well with the observation that many type II topoisomerases act preferentially on sc DNA [20] [24] that occur transiently in front of the replication fork [8].
As discussed previously, gyrase is responsible for relieving positive supercoils in front of active replication forks.
Gyrase is positioned in front of the replication fork to reduce positive supercoiling and release superhelical tension.
Analogously, DNA helical tension also builds up in front of DNA replication forks (Schvartzman and Stasiak, 2004).
Positive supercoiling, generated in front of the DNA polymerase during replication, is relaxed by topoisomerases I and II.
