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They may result from a mutation changing a sense codon into a stop codon or from the introduction into (or loss from) the reading frame of one or several nucleotides leading to a shift of translation frame.
The reading frame of most of the predicted sRNA ORFs differs from the reading frame of the corresponding gene, but 10 share the same reading frame and hence the same stop codon with this gene.
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If a nucleotide pair is added to or subtracted from this sequence, the reading frame from that point will be shifted by one nucleotide pair, and all of the codons downstream will be altered.
As shown in Figure 1, this can be used to infer whether the fusion gene resulting from the translocation would keep the reading frame from both partner genes, and thus be translated as an in-frame fusion protein.
We also found several examples in which a putative novel exon had been exapted from an ORF, but the reading frame is now different from that of the parent gene which results in a shorter transcript.
The myostatin gene was isolated from mouse cDNA and the C terminal region from nucleotide 825 1131 of the reading frame was deleted via PCR.
Exondys 51 alters splicing of exon 51, removing it from the DMD transcript, restoring the reading frame and reducing disease severity, reflecting a Becker MD phenotype.
The retroviral construct for Human Suppressor of Fused was obtained by PCR amplification of the reading frame from the clone MGC3533158 (Invitrogen).
Antisense oligonucleotide-mediated skipping of exon 51 in cultured myoblasts from an affected dog restored the reading frame and protein expression.
The reading frame from the best hit was assumed to be the correct reading frame.
In the matK gene, a 2-bp deletion some 270 bp downstream from the start codon interrupts the reading frame.
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