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The charcoal sample recovered from the faulted youngest unit from Rampur Ganda trench suggested that the recent event occurred around 1319 1380 and 1310 1442 AD (Fig. 3).
The polarity of the transient current component which comes from the faulted direction on the transmission line is different from the one which comes from the other emanating lines.
Recalibrating the OSL ages in OxCal from the faulted and capping units from Hajipur trench in northwest Himalaya suggests the paleo-earthquake range of 1426 1700 AD in which event of 1555 AD can be bracketed (Table 1).
In forward modelling, the tectonic stresses are assumed to be homogeneous and described as boundary conditions acting at some distance from the faulted rock (Hafner 1951; Couples 1977; Maerten et al. 1999).
Similar(56)
Then, a class of distributed robust adaptive sliding mode controllers was constructed to automatically compensate for the faulted and variational effects based on the information from adaptive schemes.
The scheme is designed to detect the fault, estimate the faulted side, classify the fault type and identify the faulted phase.
During fault existence, depending on the specific fault type, the faulted phase voltage will decrease from the rated voltage, while the sound phase voltages may maintain or even increase from the rated voltage in neutral ungrounded system.
During an unbalanced fault event, the fault current in the faulted phase of the line is enormous (ranging from 2 p.u to more than 40 p.u) which is caused by corresponding unbalance in the voltage level as well.
Therefore, it is indicated that the fault is not fully isolated, necessitating special control and protection to isolate the fault, preventing the power from further injecting into the faulted point.
The proposed fault location algorithm utilizes PMU measurements from both ends of the faulted line and is shown to be more accurate than other impedance-based techniques.
When an AC fault occurs at the converter AC side of one terminal of the MTDC system, say the most severe three-phase short-circuit fault, the voltage at the faulted point will drop, and the fault current will flow into the faulted point from both the grid AC side and the MMC AC side.
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