This includes all levels of the organization, from entry level through the executive level.
Mr. Posawatz joined G.M. in 1980, advancing from assembly-plant foreman to the executive level, as vehicle line director for several G.M. products.
Jeff Wilson, the chair of International Gay Rugby, welcomed the inquiry, saying: "Tackling homophobia and homophobic behaviour both on and off the pitch requires a cultural shift from the top down at the executive level of each organisation, at the leadership level of each of the local unions and clubs, and, through on the pitch behavioural changes by coaches, referees, players and supporters".
In Norway, which introduced a law in 2003 requiring that 40 percent of all company board members be women, research has found that women appointed were on average younger and from middle management, rather than the executive level.
From the executive floor at Gatwick, a few levels above the check-in hall, only the "Gatwick Obviously" vinyl adverts on the window obscure the view of where the airport's second runway could be.
From the corporate executive level down, commitment to the Lean Transformation and to long-term Lean Thinking must be firm, communicated and visible.
"When he spoke to people on the phone, from executive level all the way down, he would end the conversation with 'I love you,' " said Suzanne Smethurst, now in her 14th year with the finance department.
Implementing international norms into the domestic law typically follows a top-bottom approach, emanating from the legislative or executive level to the community.
The BBC's Alice Budisatrijo takes a look at the health of the sport in Indonesia from the grassroots to executive level, and examines where its future lies.
