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The time-weighted contribution from outdoor sources includes both outdoor exposures and indoor exposures from outdoor origin.
Our comparison focuses on three criteria relevant to epidemiologic studies where measurements are taken at one or more locations to characterize exposure to pollutants from outdoor origin.
PM2.5 of outdoor origin will also penetrate indoors, and correlations between long-term outdoor PM concentrations and indoor levels of PM from outdoor origin is high (Sarnat et al. 2000).
Many exposure studies confirmed that indoor concentrations of pollutants from outdoor origin, as well as traffic-related particulate matter components such as black smoke (Gotschi et al. 2002), are highly correlated with the outdoor concentrations (Chen and Zhao 2011).
For PM2.5 and PM10, current evidence suggests a high correlation between ambient and indoor concentrations from outdoor origin; thus, imprecision in exposure may be of minor concern for our assessment [ 22].
In contrast to PM2.5 from outdoor origin, ambient ozone levels have lower correlations with personal exposure (Avol et al. 1998; Sarnat et al. 2000, 2002); therefore, the ability to detect effects of ozone will likely be reduced due to greater misclassification.
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The results of this study contribute toward deeper understanding the degree of protection provided by the buildings from pollution of outdoor origin.
These findings indicate that economizer use combined with improved filtration could reduce data center energy demand while providing a level of protection from particles of outdoor origin similar to that observed with conventional design.
This will certainly complicate the effort to separate PM of outdoor origin from PM of indoor origin.
We previously identified indoor source contributions to PN and EC from cooking in our analysis of indoor PM of outdoor origin (Polidori et al. 2007), and this may explain why PM0.25 was higher indoors than outdoors.
Using house dust as a marker for indoor inhalable hazards and infiltrated pollutants of outdoor origin (e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from vehicle exhaust) would represent a useful and readily available exposure assessment tool.
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