Especially when exposure is from the ambient environment rather than from individual activity (e.g., consumption of a particular substance), documentation at the intra-individual level, through the use of assays measuring biomarkers (as described just above ([ 35]) enhances clarity.
Total physical activity was computed as the sum of the MET hours per week from all individual activities.
We calculated MET-h week−1 for each activity as the reported hours per week engaged in the activity multiplied by the assigned MET score, and the values from the individual activities were summed for a total MET-h week−1.
We argue that it is necessary to conceptually distinguish collective knowledge-related activities from individual learning activities.
Additionally, evaluation could benefit from a shift away from a focus on individual activities toward more of a focus at programmatic and policy levels.
In the cluster analysis, we found that this coding is not suitable to compare DBC profiles: In order to have a meaningful measure of similarity between activity profiles of DBCs, we need to quantify information about the similarity of individual activities (from a medical point of view or from a care management point of view).
The design of assay protocol contains an internal validation by allowing comparisons between total level of 5′-nucleotidase activity with that calculated from the sum of individual activities of the ecto- and cytosolic-5′-nucleotidases.
The size of pseudopods also varies considerably; moreover, the lengths of individual activities from the same pseudopods changes over time [Additional file 1].
Some authors see this as means for shifting leadership from an individual activity to a co-creative act [51].
