Ability of males to learn from a demonstrator (male or female) placed behind a transparent barrier (SD) or from a female demonstrator in the FI condition resulted from familiarization with sunflower seeds by stimulus enhancement (recognition of an object manipulated independently of its location [32] [34]).
Importantly, the exact details of this change of circumstances are different in different versions of the paradigm because in the one-target version there is a change in choice-options from familiarization to test (two objects instead of one) whereas in the original two-object version there is not.
Initial coding was developed from issues emerging from the familiarization stage.
In both cases, the MEG scanning session was further subdivided into two blocks, each containing 20 images from the familiarization phase (referred to as "familiar images") and 20 images not previously presented (referred to as "novel images") (subjects could pause for 20 s between blocks).
This part (session) was further subdivided into two blocks containing each 20 images from the familiarization phase (referred to as "familiar images") and 20 previously not presented images (referred to as "novel images"; subjects could pause for 20 s between blocks).
A total of 240 photographs were presented, including 120 repetitions of the standard image, 60 familiar targets (the six target pictures from the familiarization phase, each repeated 10 times), and 60 novel targets (see Figure 1B).
In Experiment 2, the first and third beeps were removed from the familiarization stimuli, resulting in the disappearance of the audiovisual tau effect.
Before the experiment, three familiar females, randomly chosen from the same familiarization arena, were placed in each cell of the group cage.
Predators placed on two opposite leaflets came from two different familiarization arenas; hence, the predator females were familiar within each leaflet but unfamiliar between leaflets.
The first 90 days after treatment start were excluded from the observation period to allow for familiarization with the system (consistent with the analytical approach used elsewhere [ 8, 23]), and to be able to assess any differences between devices during the more stable phase associated with better INR control after the first 3 months [ 23].
The Chinese government is investing a reported $8.7 billion in 2009-2010 itsits "external publicity work" — primarily on the "Big Four": China Central Television (CCTV), China Radio International (CRI), Xinhua News Agency and the China Daily newspaper — while media executives and opinion shapers from various countries are being brought to China for "familiarization" tours.
