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Observational epidemiological studies often suffer from confounding bias due to measured and unmeasured confounders.
The conflicting results may derive in part from confounding by the interaction of alcoholic beverage consumed.
A simple shield blocks out the Californian sun to prevent odd shading from confounding the software.
Our study disentangled effects of traffic noise from confounding environmental characteristics and demonstrated the chronic impacts of traffic noise on animal distribution.
To prevent any ethnic effect from confounding the link between genes and intelligence, Dr. Plomin decided to confine his study to a single ethnic group, in this case white Americans.
While residual confounding is possible, considering the magnitude of our effect estimates and the consistency across different HRV index, it is unlikely that the observed association reflected bias from confounding.
Second, we replaced the ethnicity variable with a genetic component that captures both population stratification and family-relatedness and allows a test for association that is free from confounding owing to sample structure.
But this has clearly not moderated the worst instincts of both parties.Far from confounding the parties, divided government has enabled them to adhere to dogma.
To prevent larval movement from confounding oxygen consumption measurements, we relied on MS-222-based anesthetization.
Multivariable analyses will be needed to adjust for the effects from confounding factors with appropriate collinearity procedure (Yoo et al. 2014).
Results: We identified a 17-urine-peptide biomarker panel that could effectively discriminate SJIA patients at active, quiescent, and remission disease states, and patients with active SJIA from confounding conditions including KD and FI.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com