The mapping of land-cover changes beyond urban fringe provides valuable information for policymakers, planners, and land managers tasked with managing and mitigating the potential adverse consequences of this increasingly common form of landscape change.
In addition, subtle variations in δ13C at plume fringes provided insight into mechanisms of plume spreading in transverse vertical direction.
There is a trade-off between precision and number of data points: closely spaced fringes provide many data points of low precision, while widely spaced fringes provide a low number of high precision data points.
"[It is] important to reassure other viewers that the fringe position provided by Dr Davis and associates is merely that, a fringe position that is not supported by science," he said.
The late 20th century also saw the worldwide development of performing arts festivals modeled on the Avignon Festival in France and the Edinburgh Festival Fringe; these provided a venue for a great variety of international performing artists while also boosting local economies through tourism.
Qualitative research with medical students on factors influencing their empathy also found that some "fringe subjects" provided a positive influence e.g., "classes on empathy and ethics" ([ 36], personal communication from the author), the behavioral sciences and medical humanities [ 37], and other subjects [ 35].
"It shows the fringe is providing a diverse programme that the public wants to see," he said yesterday.
For the Fringe, this provides another opportunity for its shows to be noticed by producers and earn a possible commercial transfer.
The sight of hundreds of earnest Lib Dem delegates filing in and out of fringe meetings provides great material for sardonic commentators, keen to stereotype the party as a bunch of policy wonks and eccentric enthusiasts.
While the Fringe festival provides the theater and offsets some costs, Mr. Wilson raised $4,000 by organizing an exhibition hockey game in March between the New York City Gay Hockey Association and the Straight Arrows, a team that included Mr. DeMarco and was assembled for the occasion.
