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However, slower protein evolution could also result from less frequent adaptive evolution.
This suggests that although both classes of sites experience frequent adaptive fixation, non-domain codons may experience more adaptive evolution than domain codons.
Future investigations of the mechanistic explanation of frequent adaptive evolution in non-domain regions, whether it is due to fine-tuning of folding patterns or yet to be discovered functions of non-domain regions, are clearly warranted.
The mean neutrality index in protein domains was significantly higher than non-domain regions (analysis of variance: p = 0.0030; both distributions were normally distributed after log2 transformation) indicating more frequent adaptive evolution in non-domain regions, which is consistent with the interpretation of the MK tests on pooled domain and non-domain codons.
Indeed, mice undergo frequent adaptive evolution [60,35] which leads to increased levels of D n / D s.
For example, if we assume a sweep locus with u/ s = 0.1 and base our analysis on the five most frequent adaptive haplotype variants (ic = 5), it would be necessary to measure haplotype frequencies of 2% accurately.
Similar(53)
However, field examples are less frequent and adaptive mechanisms are not as well understood for broadly distributed industrial pollutants that produce unintended consequences in non-target organisms.
It is possible that adaptation is more frequent and/or involves adaptive events of greater selective strength on the autosomes than on the X chromosome.
The benefit is likely to result from the high mutational burden and a frequent pre-existing adaptive immune response limited by PD-L1 expression.
Despite there are frequent assertions that adaptive management is being used, evidence on its success is still limited.
In spite of frequent assertions that adaptive management is being used, and frequent descriptions of learning as an element of management, there has been only limited progress in promoting a connection between learning and management.
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