The use of bone blocks, however, has been associated with increased surgical time, morbidity [9, 10], and a higher frequency of post-operative complications [11, 12].
A possible reason for the higher frequency of post-operative colonoscopy in Edmonton was the establishment of a postoperative surveillance colonoscopy service at the Cross Cancer Institute circa 1980.
Despite the necessity and frequency of intra-operative mandatory ventilation, the optimal ventilator settings with regard to tidal volume and PEEP are not known.
The R0 resection rate of 73% is higher than that reported in the MRC and Intergroup trials (60 and 63%, respectively) (MRC, 2002; Kelsen et al, 1998) and the frequency of post-operative complications was low.
Comparing the frequency of intra-operative responses to noxious stimuli in the present study, dissociative anaesthesia combined with epidural administration of lidocaine was superior to dissociative anaesthesia alone during field surgery in pigs.
In addition to blood pressure and heart rate parameters we noted the frequency of intra-operative events signifying sub-optimal hemodynamic control: use of intraoperative blood products and intraoperative rhythm disturbance (atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, premature contractions and abnormal rhythms).
Immediate post-surgical clinical complications will be tracked as shown in box 3. 30 31 These data will be interpreted in light of the qualitative analysis of Bayalpata Hospital's existing mortality and morbidity review program and quantitative data analysis of trends and frequency of post-operative occurrences.
The frequency of non-operative measures given during the seven-year study period to patients in the high caries risk group is considered to be remarkably low and improvement, determined as reclassification from high to no/low caries risk from 2005 to 2011, was seen in only 13% of the participants.
In our recent study 4 the frequency of complications during operative hysteroscopy was 11% and occurred mostly in nulliparous premenopausal or postmenopausal women.
Data of analgesia and oxytocin augmentation during labour, duration of labour, frequency of preterm birth, operative delivery, Apgar score, cord-blood gas/acid base balance and birth weight were also recorded.
