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Not adjusted by frequency of drunkenness since drunkenness and use of alcohol are strongly interconnected (χ2-test, p < 0.001).
Few studies used other outcomes for alcohol use (e.g., a composite score of frequency of use and frequency of drunkenness).
Among the lifestyle characteristics, smoking, alcohol intake and frequency of drunkenness were clearly associated with MSDs in univariate models, but after further adjustments the associations weakened.
Frequency of drunkenness was assessed by asking whether the adolescents had ever had so much alcohol that they were really drunk.
Smoking and frequency of drunkenness were associated with AI in the age-adjusted model, but after final adjustments, the associations weakened (Table 2).
In the final model, however, only high frequency of drunkenness, not belonging to a sports club, and on other hand, participating in competitive sports were associated with MSDI.
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Data on the frequencies of drunkenness during the last two months are shown in Figure 3.
Whereas these findings represent developmental patterns with, so far, no clear indication of abnormality, there were some more worrisome results when focusing on the frequencies of drunkenness, the motives and the consequences of drinking.
As expected, the frequency of drinking and drunkenness [alcohol (mis)use indicators] increased with age.
Information on frequency of hangover, excessive drunkenness or going to sleep at night clothed because of being drunk was also collected, as was frequency of zapoi.
This included frequency of consumption of non-beverage alcohols such as medicinal tinctures as well as frequency of zapoi (a period of drunkenness of two or more days characterised by withdrawal from normal social life).
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