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For instance, in another contribution, we test the hypothesis that dive frequency between flights follows a lognormal distribution with a high frequency of dives right after a flight followed by much lower foraging activity before the next flight.
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The major difference was that the frequencies of deeper dives in June and July were higher for males compared to females.
For each cell with more than 5 dives, we quantified the sighting frequency as the number of dives where sharks were reported divided by the total number of dives within that cell.
If observations for this study had been made in regions where there was a greater frequency of interactions between deep diving seabird species and albatrosses, it would not have been possible to obtain reliable estimates of bird captures during setting because seabird capture events would have occurred at a greater distance astern, potentially outside of the researcher's field of vision.
Across all cells, the average sighting frequency of sharks (i.e. the fraction of dives in which sharks were sighted) was 10% (S.E. ±0.004) for all sharks and 3% (S.E. ±0.003) for all sharks excluding nurse sharks.
Frequencies of the longest dives peaked in the summer (June to August) for both sexes, although only 1.7% of male dives and 0.15% of female dives lasted for more than 25 min. In June and July the mean dive time exceeded 50% in females and was close to 70% in males.
To determine if there was a consistent bias in our results due to preference or indifference for diving with sharks, we used a regression model to compare the sighting frequency of sharks with survey effort (i.e. number of dives).
Also the frequencies of the deepest dives (>80 m) peaked during this period of the year.
Such a distribution of dive frequency is expected when flight costs are excessive (Pelletier 2006), which can be exacerbated by the accumulation of prey in the digestive system (Guillemette 1994).
Diving was most frequent near dawn and dusk, with <0.5% of dives occurring at night.
Additionally, the total number of dives were used to calculate dive rate (dives h−1) averaged over the foraging trip.
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