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The SPECTRUM service is an innovative rail freight concept for the transport of low density high value (LDHV) goods.
This research was conducted as part of the SPECTRUM project that aimed to realize an innovative rail freight concept for the transportation of low-density high value (LDHV) goods, which are traditionally considered non-rail cargo and predominantly handled by road transport [15, 24].
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This is demonstrated through the funding of various projects such as; RETRACK - RETRACK: REorganisation of Transport networks by advanced RAil freight Concepts".
Among numerous conceptual findings, the analysis reveals a dearth of research on the clear and present challenges of introducing and adopting decentralized freight concepts in contemporary multi organizational open freight systems.
Despite the success of the flight, the "aerial freight train" concept did not catch on; the aircraft had its engines re-fitted in August 1946 and was returned to service as a normal C-47.
Thus, concept of freight village, the planning of establishment of TCDD freight villages in 12 distinct locations in Turkey and possible contributions of these villages to the railway transport and the freight services of TCDD are considered.
The physical internet is a concept for freight transportation and logistics, aiming to improve efficiency and sustainability of the way physical objects are moved, stored, realised, supplied and used all across the world by applying concepts from internet data transfer to real-world shipping processes [8].
The concept for the freight transport model FAME (Freight Activity Micro simulation Estimator), developed at the University of Illinois Chicagoo), is a fairly new conceptual modelling framework.
The purpose of this paper is to provide a research outlook on the concept of decentralized freight intelligence, i.e. autonomous freight making localized routing decisions.
Section 4.2.3 analyses the time series of PDs of individual freight vehicles and introduce the concept of weak stationarity.
Since one of the main advantages of SPECTRUM is the multi-stop concept which brings freight closer to the service, the average pre−/post-haulage distance is shorter than the one assumed for the regular services (100 km).5.5
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