The CCM is a recently developed conceptual framework for the care of chronically ill patients, which favours planned and proactive care [ 10].
Toolkit items were created to provide a framework for the care of hypertensive and smoking patients through patient outreach and education, and were prioritized based on feasibility, acceptability, and perceived effectiveness.
The Care Dependency Scale CDSS) provides a framework for the care dependency status of institutionalized elderly people.
Activation of patients, referring to the confidence that enables patients to become actively engaged in their health, is central within new models of chronic illness care, like for example the framework of the Chronic Care Model [ 4, 5].
Seamless information, communication, coordination, patient involvement and shared decision-making ensure that the patient experiences a coherent and individually tailored care pathway within the existing framework of the health care system.
22 23 Building on a theoretical framework of the specialist primary care physician interface, 24 we have previously developed and characterised a typology of care for people with HIV based on actual patterns of care.
To present the context, aim and process of designing the Instrument for the Assessment of Chronic Care Models (Instrumento de Evaluación de Modelos de Atención ante la Cronicidad [IEMAC]), which was developed to make the conceptual framework of the chronic care model operational in the Spanish national health system.
Therefore its treatment may best be considered within the broad framework of the Chronic Care Model [ 9] and associated service delivery models, such as the Kaiser model [ 10].
In addition to the increasing focus on critical care in the ED, the framework of critical care within the ICU is evolving.
That is why we wanted to explore the views of doctors and nurses from different areas on palliative care for older people within the framework of the German health care system.
