The fact is, though, that when most of us get to the frail stage, we're past speaking out, as that long non-death of Tithonus reminds us.
Gill et al. have earlier shown that frailty is a dynamic process characterized by frequent transitions between frailty levels [ 33] and that recovery from frail and pre-frail stages is diminished by intervening hospitalizations [ 34].
For example, the inclusion of cognitively impaired individuals appeared to inflate the odds of finding a frailty/depression relationship at an earlier, pre-frail stage in some cross-sectional studies.
Two patients had abdominal ultrasound (Patients 9 and 14) and one patient was deemed too frail for staging investigations (Patient 16).
The sum score of these five criteria classifies people into one of three frailty stages (or groups): not frail (score 0), pre-frail (score 1 2) and frail (score 3 5).
> When comparing the three different stages, frail people appeared to be older, were more likely to be female, were more often unmarried or living alone, and had a lower level of education compared to their pre-frail and non-frail counterparts (Table 1).
His recital at Carnegie Hall on April 21 did not sell out, however, and the 71-year-old musician appeared frail, walking on stage with his upper body bent forward.
The results also demonstrate the potentially high cardiovascular risk in those who are pre-frail (or early stages of frailty), and therefore, a greater need to identify and manage frailty in its early stages in older people.
Based on the five Fried frailty criteria (weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, slowness, weakness), the participants were divided into three stages: non-frail (score 0), pre-frail (score 1 2) and frail (score 3 5).
All eyes centred on the frail figure sitting centre stage as the national anthem was sung.
The winter salads are also up, though perhaps looking a little frailer at this stage than we would have liked.
