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However, there are lots of structural forces at play that have accumulated over the last 40 years to get us where we are today including growth controls from back in the 1960s and 1970s, the emergence of the tech industry as an economic powerhouse and fragmented governance that often pits the Bay Area's 101 municipal governments against each other.
Many in a school system paralysed by toxic union relations, perpetual funding crises and fragmented governance have given up on improving from within.
Some of the problems he's pointed out in earlier interviews are the result of exceptionally fragmented governance.
Water crises have been described as crises of fragmented governance, particularly in transboundary settings where freshwater resources cross political borders.
But it's temporary because the underlying structure of the region's fragmented governance, restrictive land-use and taxation policies still favor ever-rising real estate prices.
For more than a century, the Bay Area's housing, transit infrastructure and tax system has been haunted by the region's fragmented governance.
Similar(43)
It's a legacy of fragmented regional governance where nine different counties created at least 10 different semi-overlapping public rail and bus systems.
This is the challenge — figuring out how to build lots of housing to keep up with employment and population growth, while also understanding how the industry's rapidly diverging incomes intersect with land values and whether the region's fragmented municipal governance and tax structure even makes sense anymore.
This lack of effective local integrated action is not because local agencies do not see the need, but because they are often constrained by the fragmented, overly centralised governance model we have developed over a period of30 years or more.
The current approach of fragmented, opaque, disingenuous governance is what is fatalistic: it commits us to infestation and after the fact, highly expensive response to infestation----like we have with zebra mussels, lampreys, gobies.
Yet this field faces numerous challenges: poor global governance, fragmented leadership, and poor priority-setting processes (1), as well as the relative inattention to the need for systematic critical reflection (3).
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com