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The class weights c0 and c1 are the fractions of observations in the positive and negative classes, respectively, resulting in the smaller class having the larger weight.
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Tree complexity refers to the degree of interactions considered by the model fitting, the bag fraction indicates the fraction of observations used in any step, and the learning rate indicates the contribution of each tree to the growing model67.
Performance of prediction models is estimated by cross validation consisting of holding a fraction of observations out as a test set.
As described in more detail in Section 6.22.1, the continuing gradual degradation of the Chandra thermal environment means that a steadily increasing fraction of observations are experiencing scheduling constraints with regard to the allowable exposure time per orbit.
Moreover, it removes the fraction of observations to be discarded as outliers to enhance the clustering performance.
For power splitting [17], let ρ denote the power splitting coefficient for the relay, i.e., ρ is the fraction of observations used for energy harvesting.
Vertical axis is fraction of observations.
Sensitivity and specificity values were calculated as the fraction of observations that was correctly classified.
Sensitivity and specificity values were calculated as the fraction of observations, which were correctly classified.
For the normal distribution, the fraction of observations outside 3 SD is 0.27% and outside 5 SD < 0.00001 %, while these fractions for the 5% contaminated normal are 1.64% and 0.42%.
In Table 3, each row shows the fraction of observations in each of these two group whose corresponding covariate is equal to 1 – recall from Table 1 that all covariates had been recoded in our study to be binary.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com