Sentence examples for founding effect from inspiring English sources

Initially, the population differences in the mating signal may be due to a founding effect that was then maintained by vocal tradition.

Because of its frequency and wide geographical spread, this family of closely related haplotypes is also a candidate for a second founding effect in the emergence of Homo sapiens from Africa.

In addition, as bread wheat is mainly a self-pollinated species, the differentiation might be increased by a family group founding effect (Ingvarsson and Giles 1999).

It constitutes a model of a population with a strong founding effect, followed by a rapid expansion and a population size plateau of approximately 50,000 animals corresponding to the current estimated population size.

Similarly, Geroski et al. (2010) find a "founding effect," summarizing that the founder's educational background, current GDP growth, and other firm characteristics at the time of founding impact the firm's survival for several years.

According to this hypothesis, founding effects would persist due to (1) dilution, after population founding, of new immigrants in a large number of residents and (2) selection against immigrants arriving in a locally adapted population.

Population bottlenecks affect many invasive species because they frequently experience founding effects that reduce genetic variability, but paradoxically, invasive species still manage to successfully establish and adapt to new environments [ 6].

Founding effects from long-distance seed dispersal combined with local adaptation to regional variation, rather than drift-mediated selection, have been proposed by Phillips et al. [ 10] as key factors in the diversification of the Orchidaceae.

Additionally, there is a clear potential for founding effects upon infection [ 27], even in the context of a blood transfusion as the viral population in a shared blood donation is certainly reduced in genetic diversity and number compared to infectious virus from an infected individual.

The different levels of LD as indicated by r 2 between different species and different chromosome regions within species can be explained by a combination of population histories including mating system, mutation rate, founding effects, the magnitude of selection, admixture, and genetic drift.

Studies indicate that long range LD and increased haplotype block size can arise by several different mechanisms, including natural and artificial selection in the form of selective sweeps or background selection and population bottlenecks and founding effects from ancestrally conserved segments (Phillips et al. 2003).