Western assistance has always prioritised primary schooling, but the Chinese approach in this instance recognised something beyond foundational competencies.
These modules foster numerical literacy, reinforce biological themes, and lay the foundational competencies required for more advanced biology courses.
The report concludes that while learning from others and experiential learning contribute to the ideal blend, spending more time on formal learning opportunities can help to build foundational leadership competencies.
Researchers generally agree upon five key competencies of SEL for school-aged children, i.e., self-awareness, self-management, social awareness, relationship skills, and responsible decision-making (Durlak et al. 2011), and that these competencies are foundational for lifelong physical and mental health (Francis and Susman 2009), as well as necessary for success in learning (Blair and Raver 2012).
A competency that is foundational to the adherence of standards, procedures, guidelines, and boundaries is critical thinking in practice [ 14, 30].
Both provinces undertook intensive processes to identify and explicate core public health competencies that are foundational to support public health renewal including development of core functions and public health standards.
These competencies are characterized as (a) traversal, or foundational to the development of other key competencies across domains; (b) multidimensional, including knowledge, skills and attitudes; and (c) related to higher-order abilities that support complex problem-solving (Voogt & Roblin, 2012), and collaborative thinking (Garrison, 2016).
Based on our expert interviews, and building on our previous cardiac ultrasound tool [8], we decided that the early priority was to assess the learners' ability to generate images of acceptable quality as this is the foundational step required to develop POCUS competency.
The foundational document, CanMEDS 2000[ 19], proposes seven competencies, including professionalism and collaboration.
Thus, in an era of shrinking IT budgets, difficulty hiring and retaining experienced staff and continually expanding demands on IT resources, initiatives like SBGrid extend the range and quality of software support while allowing local research computing departments to focus on core competencies and delivering common, foundational IT services (see Figure 2).
