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None of these four additional studies found differences in mortality proportions exceeding 15 percentage points between endotoxemia positive versus negative patients.
We found differences in mortality (P < 0.001), with highest values in the peritonitis high-volume (n = 7; 88%) and endotoxin high-volume (n = 6, 75%) groups.
We found differences in mortality similar to the literature but this did not reach statistical significance, likely due to small group sizes.
We only found differences in mortality between the C and NC groups in four bundle elements: serum lactate measured before 6 hours (35.2% vs 65.4%; P = 0.007), early broad-spectrum antibiotics (36.2.5% vs 56.1%; P = 0.051), ScvO2 > 70% (35.7% vs 52.1%; P = 0.057) and activated protein C (65% vs 11% P = 0.000).
We only found differences in mortality between C and NC groups in four bundle elements: serum lactate measured before 6 hours (36.5% vs 56.7%; P < 0.01), early broad-spectrum antibiotics (31.1% vs 51.4%; P < 0.01), mean arterial pressure ≥ 65 mmHg before 6 hours (36.3% vs 60.8%; P < 0.01), and treatment with activated protein C when indicated (20% vs 59.5%; P < 0.01).
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Other studies, however, have also failed to find differences in mortality rates for hospitalized patients in July.
We did not find differences in mortality related to APACHE score, type of HSCT, GVHD, neutropenia and need of vasoactive drugs.
Furthermore, we found differences in the OR of mortality outcomes between standard logistic regressions and our preferred instrumental variables approach.
None of the other RCTs found differences in ICU or in-hospital mortality rates.
We did not find differences in either mortality or the number of ventilator-free days, however.
Yet, large-scale studies have failed to find differences in both mortality and DM burden between twins and singletons in adult life (9, 39).
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