Total RNA was extracted from WDs (RNAqueous-Micro RNA Purification kit; Ambion, Foster City, CA) and amplified into cDNA with the SuperScript III system (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) with ∼100 ng of RNA per reaction.
How do they understand the economy?" It was his suspicion, from his conversations here and elsewhere, that they may not understand it very well, or at least that polarizing rhetoric — fostered by social media, amplified by a cynical political class — may be corrupting their ability to discuss it in terms their elders can understand or abide.
Fostered by anonymity and amplified within the heated crucible of a competitive team sport, this conduct has been such a problem for its maker, Riot Games, that the company now employs a dedicated team of scientists and designers to find ways to improve interactions between the game's players.
Both Agape Editions and Sundress Publications are inclusive presses which foster and amplify diverse and marginalized voices: my background in interfaith and intergroup dialogue facilitation and social justice work makes Agape the perfect fit for my concerns and passions.
After receiving the first bee samples from Dr. Cox-Foster on March 6, Dr. Lipkin's team amplified the genetic material and started sequencing to separate virus, fungus and parasite DNA from bee DNA.
This genomic DNA sample was amplified by PCR using a GeneAmp9700 PCR System Applied Biosystemss, Foster City CA).
For RT-PCR, 10% RNA was added to TaqMan reagents (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) along with primers and probe (listed below) and amplified in a 7700 Sequence Detection System (Applied Biosystems).
DNA was amplified on the Real Time PCR System 7500 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA): 10 mins at 95°C, 40 cycles of 95°C for 15 secs, 60°C for 1 min. Analysis of relative gene expression was performed as described earlier [37].
To examine mtDNA content, we used the 7900HT sequence detection system (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA) to amplify nuclear DNA (nDNA) encoded β-Actin and mtDNA encoded Cytochrome C oxidase I (COI) using genomic DNA template as described earlier [26].
We amplified 10 ng DNA from each sample with rTth polymerase (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, CA).
