Sentence examples for forward and reverse transformations of the from inspiring English sources

It is found that the nominal stress strain curve of such structures deviates from typical stress strain variation of NiTi with flat stress plateaus, by exhibiting stress gradients over the forward and reverse transformations of the hole-affected areas.

Existing constitutive models for Shape Memory Alloys (SMAs) assume that both forward and reverse transformations occur when the thermodynamic driving force reaches a specific amount regardless of loading history.

From these measurements and published magnetization results for this alloy, it is found that the change in magnetic entropy is twice as large as the phonon contribution in the reverse martensitic transformation, accounting for the inequality of the total entropies of the forward and reverse transformations.

The forward and reverse transformations occur at different temperatures and the total entropies of transformation were measured by differential scanning calorimetry for both.

If the plastic strains accompanying the forward and reverse transformations do not cancel, residual elastic stress fields remain after completion of the reverse transformation.

Special attention has been paid to the multi-axiality of the stress state at the transformation front during the forward and reverse transformations.

It also produces a stress gradient that dictates the direction of the transformation front propagation during both the forward and reverse transformations.

The linear slope on both forward and reverse transformations was achieved by ageing a wire specimen in a temperature gradient of 400 460 °C.

The effects of initial martensitic volume fraction on both forward and reverse transformations are shown by carrying out simple tensile tests on SMA wires.

The shape memory alloy, which exhibits forward and reverse transformations, is wired through a matrix, while a dense SMA matrix encircles voids as inclusions in the porous model.

Furthermore, the heat treatment decreased the forward and reverse transformation temperatures of NiTi alloy from 80 °C95 °C to 20 40 °C, presumably due to annihilation of thermally induced defects.