Here, we formulate a time-delay model of protein translation and mRNA degradation by systematically reducing a detailed mechanistic model that explicitly accounts for the ribosomal dynamics and the cleaving of mRNA by endonucleases.
A ministerial task force was formed to formulate a timed framework aimed at reducing maternal mortality and the MOH was tasked to estimate the impact and financial implications of subsidising the enrolment of pregnant women onto the National Health Insurance Schemes NHISS) [ 66].
When a group conversation moves faster than your brain You understand what's being said, and you want to join in – but by the time you formulate a sentence that's fit for native ears, the conversation has moved on.
In engineering applications such as network-based control, time-series analysis, and image processing, it is often necessary to formulate a discrete-time analog of the continuous-time networks.Recently, synchronization of discrete-time complex networks has drawn much interests [8, 9, 11 14].
We formulate a discrete time dynamical system for location tracking on the plane.
Specifically, we formulate a transcoding time constrained profit function to evaluate the profit from caching each version of an object.
Namely, we formulate a continuous time, discrete state-space birth-death process (with or without mutations), where the rates of cell divisions and cell death are l and d respectively, and where cells enter the state of quiescence with a rate α and wake up from quiescence with a rate β.
Then we will formulate a fixed-time impulsive switching analog as the comparison system of (1) by using B-equivalent method.
Taking the inflows at each toll entry as the control, traffic densities and vehicle queue length as observed system states, and boundary traffic as predicted exogenous input, we formulate a discrete-time piecewise affine traffic model.
The authors in [7] assume that the spectrum handoff of SUs should meet the constraint of handoff agility, i.e., SUs are only allowed to switch to their neighboring channels, and then formulate a continuous-time Markov model to analyze the forced termination and blocking probabilities of SUs.
