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4. Step 4: Normalizing initial direct-relation fuzzy matrix X ˜ Open image in new window by Equation 4. The linear scale transformation is used as a normalization formula to transform the criteria scales into comparable scales ( Lin and Wu 2004 ).
For example, in analyzing the lift produced by air moving over an airplane wing, researchers can use the Schwarz-Christoffel formula to transform a polygonal approximation of an airfoil into a circle, the lift on which is much easier to calculate.
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Encryption is a way of scrambling data and, for quite some time, this has meant using mathematical formulas to transform data -- words or numbers, say, into strings of unreadable data.
The logarithmic formula used to transform Ct values was (1) Exp = (Ct, sample − Intercept ) Slope.
Since the simulated data ranged between 0 and 1, the following formula was used to transform the empirical data to the same scale: y = x − Min Max − Min (7 where, y is the output of the transformation (a number varying from 0 to 1 on a continuous scale); x is the empirical data; min is the minimum value of the scale, and max is the maximum value of the measure.
However, advancements in extraction technologies have helped to transform ancient formulas into modern therapeutic remedies [ 8].
This approach is based on Fourier transform inversion formula to estimate the probability density function (pdf) of the observed soft sample at the receiver.
Furthermore, we obtain a closed-form formula for transform error, and use the formula to design an algorithm for optimal PLUS factorization.
The above formula was transformed to Cabd = -Volume of fluid drained by the pseudocyst/Post drainage IAP – Baseline IAP.
Every FOL formula can be transformed to an equisatisfiable formula of the form ((Qx_1)ldots (Qx_n F), where (Q) is a quantifier (either existential or universal) and the formula (F) contains no quantifiers; (x_1,ldots,x_n) are all the variables occurring in (F).
The MacNew scores were transformed using this formula to facilitate comparisons between questionnaires.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.
Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com