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This formula indicates the good accuracy of the experimental results.
The GPD formula indicates the conditional probability of X < x in the subset of x ≥ μ data, Pr [X < x|x > μ].
The first term in the formula indicates the elasticity of the wall, that is, the rate of deformation of the tube wall with the pressure and the change rate of the transverse section of the pipe along with the axial direction.
The resulting matrix of deconvolution formula indicates the score of an edge to be a direct interaction (edge weights in the middle panel of Figure 2D,F).
The above formula indicates the age incidence rate of prostate cancer per 100,000 of each age group for the population covered by a particular hospital calculated by dividing the number of new prostate cancer cases by the number of person-years at risk for every age group and multiplying that by 100,000.
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After solving (P1), the basal flux-sum value of any metabolite i is calculated using the formula, indicating the summation of all incoming or outgoing fluxes around metabolite i under the normal condition.
An (x) in the formula indicate the interaction between two variables Our data show that emergence of the wingless queen phenotype occurred repeatedly by parallel evolution in response to similar ecological conditions arising on each of the Sky Islands during climatic warming.
The dotted lines in the structural formulas indicate the division of the carbon skeletons into isoprene units.
The formulae indicating the relationship between daytime vertical E × B drift velocity and ΔH, for the 'disturbed periods', obtained through the regression analysis were verified using the JULIA radar observed E × B drift velocity for 3 selected events.
HS Log2 and HT Log2 in the formulas indicate the logarithm of a 2-fold change in the heat-sensitive line and the heat-tolerant line, respectively.
The formula indicates that the ratio of the indentation load to the cubic of square root of the crack length is linearly proportional to the reciprocal of the square root of the crack length, the magnitude of the residual stress, and the film thickness.
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Since I tried Ludwig back in 2017, I have been constantly using it in both editing and translation. Ever since, I suggest it to my translators at ProSciEditing.

Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com