However, the price of a still and bloodless field is ultimately paid by the patients in the form of sequelae of negative effects of CPB including blood trauma, activation of a series of inflammatory responses, nonpulsatile flow, and possible embolization of air or debris most particularly embolization of atherosclerotic debris from the aorta.
In addition, serious morbidity may follow PPH in the form of various sequelae [ 8, 9].
However, as children are surviving cancer for longer, a cost of treatment, in the form of late sequelae relating to both the disease and as a consequence of therapy, has become apparent (Curry et al, 2006).
These two pathogens are responsible for the more severe forms and sequelae of OM, so effective vaccination against them could materially reduce OM's clinical impact and wider burden [ 68, 75].
Moreover, vaccine effectiveness is excellent among elderly persons, for whom risk for severe forms of TBE and neuropathologic sequelae is highest (13 ).
Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination has limited efficacy in preventing pulmonary TB but can effectively reduce the risk of severe disseminated forms of TB and their sequelae in children [ 81, 82].
These forms of neuronal damage cause neurological sequelae such as learning deficits, seizure disorders and hearing impairments respectively [8], [9], [10].
After crossing the blood brain barrier, the pathogen enters the brain, where it causes ventriculitis, which can lead to the development of hydrocephalus, or forms other sequelae, such as cysts or brain abscesses.
However, this form of training is unlikely to favourably influence the wider range of sequelae of the surgical stress response.
Generally, the frequency of sequelae increases with the severity of the clinical form that is usually found among pneumococcus cases.
