This form of locomotor behavior was intensified in voles that fled while frequently crossing the center from wall to wall, and was moderated in voles that froze while clinging to the walls.
This leads to stereotypical behaviors such as rearing, licking, and gnawing, and other forms of increased locomotor activity in animal models [ 4, 12, 27].
The four outcomes analyzed were: 1) transitions (amount of locomotor activity); 2) rearings (exploratory activity); 3) holepokes (exploratory activity); and 4) spatial d (geometrical pattern of locomotor activity).
We suggest here that locomotor behavior under owl attack is an intensified form of ordinary locomotor behavior of spiny mice and voles that are not exposed to owls.
Clearly, further research is required to elaborate the potential differences in locomotor mechanics between birds adapted to different forms of locomotion.
Homogenous data across a broad range of species, locomotor modes and body sizes, remains a priority for future research into the Emech, CM of all forms of locomotion.
Harris et al. demonstrate that developmentally-related neuronal classes, rather than individual neurons, form the basic units of locomotor circuitry, a concept that likely directly applies to vertebrates.
We consider the nature and possible developmental functions of three forms of play: pretend, social, and locomotor.
The open-field method consists of measuring the amount of locomotor activity (typically in the form of infrared beam breaks) in an enclosure [ 20].
Finally, locomotor tracking systems allow for quantification of locomotor speed and pattern (Bainton et al. 2000; Dimitrijevic et al. 2004).
