The purpose of this review is to show the chemistry and mechanism of gas hydrate formation, the problems they pose, especially to flow assurance, their system implications, their environmental and economic perspectives with respect to their prospects as storage and transport alternative to the liquefied natural gas technology.
However, when surface attachment is used for biosensor formation, the main problem is insufficient enzyme (a monolayer on a surface matrix) resulting in reduced biosensor sensitivity.
We also present empirical results to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique with respect to related ones for various formations of the problem.
This is the first attempt to solve the formation control problem from the view point of model reference adaptive control by output feedbacks.
The model bridges several known problems in that it integrates the cell formation problem, the machine allocation problem, and the part routing problem.
A variable transformation is firstly given to convert the formation tracking problem into the consensus-like issue.
In this paper, the formation tracking problem for the second-order multi-agent system with and without input delay are investigated, respectively.
Furthermore, as an extension of the former result, the formation problem is studied.
Using the group representatives and associated similarity coefficients, a linear assignment model is formulated for solving the formation problem by allocating the remaining parts or machines and maximizing a similarity index.
Once the L R fuzzy number are created around various assets available for the portfolio formation, the portfolio optimization problem is solved using Hybrid Intelligent Algorithm HIAA).
For 75% of the cell formation problems, the GHSOM algorithm improved the goodness of cell formation through GTE performance measure using SOM as well as best one from the literature, in some cases by as much as more than 12.81% (GTE).
