Sentence examples for formation of ripples from inspiring English sources

Role of ion beam sputtering induced surface etching is emphasized in formation of ripples.

Formation of ripples is more pronounced in large aspect (length/width) ratio platelets or nanobelts.

Mechanism of formation of ripples and dislocations during sonication was proposed.

The prominent role of the a/c interface in formation of ripples is established in this work.

The formation of ripples in both the systems is simulated and analyzed using two-dimensional vibrating membrane model.

Formation of ripples at top surface is a consequence of mass rearrangement at the a/c interface induced by incompressible solid flow inside the amorphous layer.

The studies on the initial evolution of Ge ripple structures on Si (1 1 10) have suggested that the step-flow process led to the formation of ripple structures [20].

For the case of InP bombarded with 1.5-keV Ar ions, we have observed the formation of ripple pattern at 63° angle of incidence [4].

Zhou et al. studied the formation of ripple using a focused ion beam (FIB -scanning electron microscope setup using 30-keV Ga+ on the Ge(001) surFIB -scanning

The formation of ripple structures on KBr surfaces as a function of the incidence angle and energy has also been observed.

The irradiation at oblique angle (20° and 40°) leads to the formation of ripple structures on the surface with a wave vector parallel to the ion beam direction.