Quantum mechanical calculations are used to predict gas, liquid, and solid heats of formation of energetic molecules.
Then, their heats of formation (HOFs), energetic properties, strain energies, thermal stability, and impact sensitivity were studied by using density functional theory.
The galaxy shows no signs of unusual star formation, or energetic activity from its nuclear region, making it unlikely that the hot halo is produced by gas flowing out of the galaxy.
A simple atom-equivalent method converts quantum mechanical energies of molecules and their atomic constituents to gas-phase heats of formation of energetic materials.
In experiments carried out on the iodine laser system PALS, the formation of energetic plasma jets from burn-through foils of Al and Ta was optimized using the three-frame interferometry and applied to a design of alternate experimental configurations.
More advanced techniques involve substrate pulse-biasing to achieve a metal plasma immersion processing mode, or the vacuum arc plasma source can be embodied within an ion source configuration for the formation of energetic metal ion beams for carrying out ion implantation.
Concerning chondrule formation, low energetic efficiency and violent conditions in electrical gas discharges showed that chondrules did not form inside hypothetical lightning channels in the solar nebula, while radiative heating of whatever origin, including lightning, remains a candidate mechanism for chondrule formation.
The significance of Landau resonant scattering by equatorial magnetosonic waves has been further recognized to account for the formation of energetic electron butterfly distributions in the inner magnetosphere from the outer edge of the inner zone to much higher L-shells (e.g., Li et al. 2016a, b; Ma et al. 2016).
Glycolytic and creatine kinase network formation provides energetic connectivity between expanding mitochondrial clusters and ATP-utilization cellular sites [9], [17], [21].
