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We wanted to compare CS rates among women formally referred for hospital delivery versus self-referred women.
Based on registry data from 21,000 hospital-based births at a tertiary care centre in northeastern Tanzania, we found that 80% of birthing women were self-referred and only 20% were formally referred through the national referral system.
We wanted to compare Caesarean section (CS) rates among women formally referred to a tertiary care centre versus self-referred women, and to assess the effect of referral status on adverse outcomes after CS.
This should have been regarded as "political activity", it said, and formally referred to the executive for consent.
The unusual dispute over the Scottish baronetcy, created by Charles II in 1683, has been formally referred to the judicial committee by the Queen.
Egypt's chief prosecutor has formally referred 20 journalists from the Al-Jazeera TV network (see my earlier article) to stand trial, according to an Associated Press report.
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Referral status was categorized as self-referred if the woman had bypassed or not accessed referral, or formally-referred if referred by a health worker.
Women were categorized as formally-referred when they were referred by qualified health personnel from other hospitals or health facilities such as health centres or dispensaries.
The proportion of formally-referred birthing women remained unchanged over the period (χ2 for trend, p = 0.26).
Formally-referred women were more frequently rural residents and had lower educational attainments than self-referred women (Table 2).
Conversely, we found no differences in adverse maternal outcomes after CS in formally-referred versus self-referred birthing women.
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Justyna Jupowicz-Kozak
CEO of Professional Science Editing for Scientists @ prosciediting.com