The southern domains of Satsuma, Chōshū and Tosa, having played a decisive role in the victory, occupied most of the key posts in government for several decades following the conflict, a situation sometimes called the "Meiji oligarchy" and formalized with the institution of the genrō.
Their rejection of common liberal institutions and formalized rules would not be quite as grave if they at least shared common informal rules.
Partnerships in public health are becoming increasingly normative, through networks, coalitions, and formalized agreements between different institutions (e.g., the Pan-Canadian Public Health Network [ 10]), including international networks to address such issues as infectious disease transmission [ 11].
Because very few European institutions have explicit, formalized career paths, KI had to model its structure on those of institutions in the United States, says Katarina Bjelke, KI's director for research and postgraduate education.
GOARN is a formalized mechanism by which multiple institutions are able to provide outbreak assistance that is coordinated through WHO (7, 8).
First stop: "Indie Sex: Censored," which moves from Eadweard Muybridge's human-motion studies of naked men and women to the 1930s Hays Code to the Motion Picture Association of America's institution of a formalized rating system in 1968 to its request at this year's Sundance Film Festival that young filmmakers create more NC-17 movies.
Similarly, Moncur [ 48] noted that consideration for the well-being of the researcher was only formalized in two out of eleven institutions that participated in her research.
On August 17, 2007, the Vietnam Center and Archive became the first US institution to sign a formalized exchange agreement with the State Records and Archives Department of Vietnam.
Patents only reflect the formalized component of scientific and technological knowledge and formalized knowledge-generating institutions do not necessarily represent the only existing component of technological change.
In the case of formalized decisions, they often are commissioned out to assessment teams or institutions.
