Less attention has been paid to responses to climate change taking place outside of formalised policy channels, constraining our knowledge of these interventions.
On the ground, that amounts to formalised government policies that drive farmers to employ methods that bolster herd productivity, use better quality animal feed to reduce methane release, and recycle emissions-producing manure, among many other things.
More formalised approaches, including policies, are needed to support and endorse collaboration between the public health and primary care sectors.
It can be argued that Ghana's response is multi-institutional and multi-faceted, although diverse institutional responses remain to be integrated, critically evaluated, formalised and incorporated into policy development.
In addition to these, other policy initiatives of relevance to mental health and psychosocial risks in the workplace include the setting-up of formalised stakeholder committees, EU level campaigns, policies on managing disability, and initiatives by organisations such as the WHO and ILO.
Down the road, the Russia-China alignment could become a more formalised alliance, undermining America's foreign-policy initiatives.
Part of active rather than reactive scrutiny is to work with partners and residents through policy commissions, as opposed to formalised committee meetings.
Similarly, collaboration between researchers and policy makers within the EPPSE context seems unique due to their intense and formalised collaboration (e.g. principal investigators met monthly with policy makers discussing a mutually agreed agenda; Sylva et al. 2007).
Risk was assessed by a highly formalised process in which quantitative scores were assigned to policy makers' subjective evaluations of different risks and summed to give an overall risk score.
In the Australian state of New South Wales (NSW) the Supporting Families Early (SFE) policy and the Safe Start guidelines [ 12] formalised long standing practice that had been operating under draft guidelines since 2001 (IPC).
