"Alternate path" programs in a number of states now allow holders of subject-area degrees to gain skill and certification through supervised on-the-job training and mentoring plus special formal instruction in pedagogy.
The challenge of devising a smart learning environment that supplements formal education with career development pedagogies appears to be multifaceted.
Conventional pedagogy is always playing catch-up.
The article presents the "Descriptor of Music Teacher Competences" that describes the Bachelor's of Music qualification degree in the field of art pedagogy, i.e. it outlines the competences that should be developed to become successfully employed in the selected area of music pedagogy within formal and non-formal education.
We consider them a type of formal (or non-formal) education as far as they are structured (or semi-structured) and based on pedagogies.
Formal graduate courses in pedagogy (some of them discipline-specific) are often available at universities as well.
Moreover, the formal content of instruction and even the pedagogies employed tend to reflect the values, language, and instructional and learning patterns of the middle classes as well as the more privileged and powerful social classes.
Motivational support and knowledge about psychology and pedagogy are other important areas among both formal and informal caregivers in order to "sell in" the idea of self-care and facilitate the actualization from self-care ability into self-care activity.
SCALE-UP restructures the classroom environment and pedagogy in a way that often requires a formal decision by higher members of an organization.
And while this has not been a discussion about specific software development technologies, curriculum content or pedagogy, we acknowledge that the online literature, like the formal literature, emphasises learning through fun activities such as game development (Kayser 2013; Patane 2015) and project and group work (Walter 2015, Feldman et al. 2003).
