Formal academic programs have appeared.
More than 70 universities in the United States and Canada now offer formal academic programs in global health, most of them developed in just the past five years, according to the Consortium of Universities for Global Health.
In this systematic review, we identified 14 papers that describe research capacity strengthening activities outside of formal academic programs in sub-Saharan Africa.
Future directions in resident wellness programs will ideally reflect greater breadth of support services for residents and the inclusion of a skills-based preventative approach to well-being within the formal academic curriculum [ 37].
Although many disciplines could contribute to and benefit from One Health curricula and training programs, until recently no formal academic training program was dedicated to One Health training.
Local entities that have sponsored or endorsed their staff members' participation in formal academic ethics training programs often lose them on completion of their training to more lucrative jobs with regional or international organizations.
To address evidence-based effective communication skills in the formal academic half day curriculum of our core internal medicine residency program, we designed and delivered an interactive session using excerpts taken from medically-themed television shows.
We added additional weight to schools that possess formal academic, scientific, or security partnerships and programs with military, intelligence, or law enforcement entities.
The term 'non-academic' is used throughout this paper to refer to training programs that do not lead to formal academic qualifications, although they may use academic training staff and/or infrastructure.
This paper will focus on ways in which existing programs, specifically those that are embedded within formal academic institutions in the Global North, can ensure a mutually beneficial partnership with their partners in the Global South, as a small step in achieving the broader goals of global health and development.
