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replication fork barrier.
RFB, replication fork barrier site.
In the NTS1 region, there is a replication fork barrier site (RFB), to which fork block protein (Fob1) binds.
In S. cerevisiae, rDNA replication fork barrier site binding protein Fob1 plays an important role in stabilizing rDNA repeat copy number at a defined number (Brewer and Fangman 1988; Kobayashi and Horiuchi 1996; Linskens and Huberman 1988).
However, we found that reintroduction of RRN5 into the Sup16 mutant (in which the FOB1 gene encoding the rDNA replication fork barrier site binding protein was disrupted) resulted in a significant increase (17%) in RNA content compared with wild type, although the rDNA repeat copy number was almost identical to the wild type strain.
We have previously identified the DNA replication fork pause at the replication fork barrier (RFB) in the ribosomal DNA as a specific site of endogenous DNA damage requiring the combined activities of Dna2 and Sgs1 for repair.
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Yeast orthologues of Tim and Tipin maintain replication fork stability at fork barriers, but the precise mechanism of these proteins and the function of the fork barriers remain enigmatic.
Centromeres contain programmed replication fork barriers at the alpha satellite repeats found in all mammalian centromeres [40].
Completion of S phase requires the processing of numerous replication structures including those formed by converging replication forks and replication fork barriers [9], [10], [11], [12].
Fork barriers, like those found in centromeres and ribosomal DNA repeats, are thought to promote formation of DNA recombination structures [12].
Replication initiation at DS may be required to complete DNA synthesis of the regions between the DS and FR, especially if these EBNA1 binding sites function as replication fork barriers.
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