This will cause many severe problems – drought, saltwater intrusion, extreme heat, loss of biodiversity, loss of food supplies, bleaching of coral reefs and corresponding degradation of the marine environment and loss of fish life, forced migration of populations – but my focus here is on maritime boundaries.
Interruption of routine immunization programs combined with forced migration of populations caused by conflict has also contributed to the resurgence of yellow fever in Africa (29 ).
Warmer temperatures, poorer water quality and forced migration of human populations in the future are all expected to help increase disease transmission.
The forced migrations of the 1940s made national populations more homogenous and may have made it easier for democracies to succeed (along with prosperity, of course) in the post-war period.
Four key impact categories are identified, including: 1) Economic and global effects, 2) Decline of health systems and services, 3) Forced migration and internal displacement of populations, and 4) Regional insecurity and restricted access for external humanitarian support.
He has held various academic and research fellowships at universities in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Uganda, Germany and the United Kingdom, focusing on the demography of forced migration and the delivery of health care to neglected populations affected by conflict, disasters and epidemics.
Political instability and the civil war in Southern Sudan have resulted in numerous atrocities, mass violence, and forced migration for vast parts of the civilian population in the West Nile region.
Alexander Betts is professor of refugee and forced migration studies and director of the University of Oxford's Refugee Studies Centre.
Discussion: Climate-change related migration is likely to result in adverse health outClimate-change relatedced and for host populations, particularly in situations of forced migration.
Forced migration, food insecurity and failure of government to provide for basic population needs make populations far more susceptible to extremism, political uprising and wide-scale destabilization.
From an early age, growing up along the Kenyan shores of Lake Victoria, Juma witnessed cycles of famine and forced migration due to damaged land and fisheries strained by human population growth.
